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The Mughal Empire, (Hindi: मुग़ल साम्राज्य, Persian: دولتِ مغل) was an empire in Asia which existed from to The Mughal rule over India is called an Empire because it stretched over a large area.

When it was biggest it ruled most of the Indian subcontinent, then known as Hindustan, and parts of what is now India, Afghanistan and modern Pakistan and Bangladesh, between and Worth 25% of world GDP, it was the world's largest economy and it was well known for having signalled the proto-industrialization and for its lavish architecture.

The Mughal emperors were Turk-Mongols originally.

Babur of the Timurid dynasty founded the Mughal Empire (and Mughal dynasty) in and ruled until He was followed by Humayun () and (), Akbar (), Jahangir (), Shah Jahan (), and the Islamic Aurangzeb () and several other minor rulers until Bahadur Shah Zafar II().

After the death of Aurangzeb, the rule through sharia ended and the Mughal Empire became weak. It continued until